AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. You have AIDS if you have so few CD4 cells that you get opportunistic infections.
Examples of opportunistic infections are:
- A severe lung infection caused by a common bacterium
- Severe infections in the esophagus, brain, blood and various other parts of the body caused by fungi.
You have AIDS if, due to the HIV infection, the number of CD4 cells is so low that you get opportunistic infections. If the number of CD4 cells is below 200/mm3, you have a chance of this.
Examples of opportunistic infections are:
- A serious lung infection (pneumonia) caused by the bacterium Pneumocystis jiroveci (PJP, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia). The bacterium used to be called Pneumocystis carinii (PCP, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia).
- An infection with Candida albicans. This is a yeast-like fungus that can cause infections in the esophagus, brain, blood and various other places.
If you have AIDS, the immune system is also unable to keep your own cells properly under control. When you are healthy, cells that change into cancer cells are detected and eliminated. But if the immune system can no longer do its job, special and rare forms of cancer have a chance to develop. Forms of cancer that often occur with AIDS are Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and cervical cancer.