Frequently asked question: How is radioactive iodine used to treat Graves' disease?

A thyroid gland that works too quickly can be treated with radioactive iodine. This Iodine 131 can be injected directly into the bloodstream via an IV, but you can also swallow it in tablet form. This way, the radioactive iodine is taken up by your blood from the stomach-intestinal tract. The radiation emitted by the radioactive iodine will damage the thyroid gland cells that take up this iodine and reduce the function of the thyroid gland. In young children, the thyroid gland must be switched off completely. The hypothyroidism that results from this must then be treated with thyroid hormone in the form of thyroxine tablets.

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